Перевод: со всех языков на все языки

со всех языков на все языки

a suspicion formed in her mind

  • 1 nacer

    v.
    1 to be born (venir al mundo) (niño, animal).
    al nacer at birth
    ¿dónde naciste? — nací en Brasil where were you born? — I was born in Brazil
    nacer de/en to be born of/in
    nacer de familia humilde to be born into a poor family
    nacer para algo to be born for something
    ha nacido cantante she's a born singer
    Nací libre I was born free.
    2 to grow (surgir) (pelo).
    3 to come to life.
    4 to be hatched, to hatch.
    5 to be born to.
    Nos nació un hijo A son was born to us.
    * * *
    (c changes to zc before a and o)
    Present Indicative
    nazco, naces, nace, nacemos, nacéis, nacen.
    Present Subjunctive
    Imperative
    nace (tú), nazca (él/Vd.), nazcamos (nos.), naced (vos.), nazcan (ellos/Vds.).
    * * *
    verb
    2) rise
    * * *
    1. VI
    1) [persona, animal] to be born; [ave, insecto, reptil] to hatch
    - volver a nacer
    2) [planta] [gen] to sprout, bud; (=aparecer) to come up; [pelo, plumas] to grow, sprout
    3) [estrella, sol] to rise; [día] to dawn
    4) [agua] to spring up, appear, begin to flow; [camino] to begin, start (de from) (en in)
    5) [revolución, miedo] to spring (de from)
    [idea] to come (de from) originate, have its origin (de, en in)

    el error nace del hecho de que... — the error springs o stems from the fact that...

    ¿de dónde nace la idea? — where does the idea come from?

    6)

    nacer a: con esa exposición nació a la vida artística — that exhibition saw the beginning of his artistic career

    2.
    See:
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo
    1)
    a) niño/animal to be born

    ¿dónde naciste? — where were you born?

    nació en el Perú, de padres españoles — she was born in Peru to o of Spanish parents

    nacer para algo/+ inf — to be born to + inf

    nacer parado — (Chi, Ven fam) to have the luck of the devil (colloq)

    no nací ayer — I wasn't born yesterday

    b) pollito/insecto to hatch
    c) hoja/rama to sprout
    d) río to have its source; carretera to start
    e) pelo/plumas to grow
    2)
    a) ( surgir)

    nacer de algo — problema/situación to arise o spring from something

    nacer de alguien — idea/iniciativa

    b) (liter) ( iniciarse)
    * * *
    = be born, spring, come into + the world, see + the light of day.
    Ex. When using a 32-entry miniature catalog it is not necessary to know that I was born in 1914 to differentiate me from 31 other entries.
    Ex. My point is that all literature, every example we can think of, depends for its existence on the tradition out of which it springs -- even the most avant of the avant-garde.
    Ex. No one comes into the world already disposed for or against words in print.
    Ex. The article 'OSI: will it ever see the light of day?' concludes that the promise of OSI has been bold and ambitious but that its delivery has been significantly delayed beyond its initial projections = El artículo "OSI: ¿ verá alguna vez la luz del día?" concluye que la promesa de OSI ha sido osada y ambiciosa pero que su publicación se ha visto retrasada considerablemente por encima de las previsiones iniciales.
    ----
    * al nacer = at birth.
    * bebé que nace muerto = stillbirth [still-birth].
    * conforme + nacer = at birth.
    * en cuanto + nacer = at birth.
    * grandes robles nacen de pequeñas bellotas = great oaks from little acorns grow.
    * nacer prematuramente = be prematurely born.
    * nacido en = born in.
    * niños nacidos fuera del matrimonio = children born out of the wedlock.
    * persona nacida después del baby boom = baby buster.
    * persona nacida durante el baby boom = baby boomer.
    * peso al nacer = birthweight.
    * volver a nacer = have + a lucky escape, have + a narrow escape.
    * vuelto a nacer = born again.
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo
    1)
    a) niño/animal to be born

    ¿dónde naciste? — where were you born?

    nació en el Perú, de padres españoles — she was born in Peru to o of Spanish parents

    nacer para algo/+ inf — to be born to + inf

    nacer parado — (Chi, Ven fam) to have the luck of the devil (colloq)

    no nací ayer — I wasn't born yesterday

    b) pollito/insecto to hatch
    c) hoja/rama to sprout
    d) río to have its source; carretera to start
    e) pelo/plumas to grow
    2)
    a) ( surgir)

    nacer de algo — problema/situación to arise o spring from something

    nacer de alguien — idea/iniciativa

    b) (liter) ( iniciarse)
    * * *
    = be born, spring, come into + the world, see + the light of day.

    Ex: When using a 32-entry miniature catalog it is not necessary to know that I was born in 1914 to differentiate me from 31 other entries.

    Ex: My point is that all literature, every example we can think of, depends for its existence on the tradition out of which it springs -- even the most avant of the avant-garde.
    Ex: No one comes into the world already disposed for or against words in print.
    Ex: The article 'OSI: will it ever see the light of day?' concludes that the promise of OSI has been bold and ambitious but that its delivery has been significantly delayed beyond its initial projections = El artículo "OSI: ¿ verá alguna vez la luz del día?" concluye que la promesa de OSI ha sido osada y ambiciosa pero que su publicación se ha visto retrasada considerablemente por encima de las previsiones iniciales.
    * al nacer = at birth.
    * bebé que nace muerto = stillbirth [still-birth].
    * conforme + nacer = at birth.
    * en cuanto + nacer = at birth.
    * grandes robles nacen de pequeñas bellotas = great oaks from little acorns grow.
    * nacer prematuramente = be prematurely born.
    * nacido en = born in.
    * niños nacidos fuera del matrimonio = children born out of the wedlock.
    * persona nacida después del baby boom = baby buster.
    * persona nacida durante el baby boom = baby boomer.
    * peso al nacer = birthweight.
    * volver a nacer = have + a lucky escape, have + a narrow escape.
    * vuelto a nacer = born again.

    * * *
    nacer [E3 ]
    vi
    A
    1 «niño/cordero/gato» to be born
    ¿dónde naciste? where were you born?
    pesaba tres kilos al nacer she weighed three kilos at birth
    nacer antes de tiempo to be born prematurely, to be premature
    el niño nació muerto the child was stillborn
    nacer DE algn to be born TO sb
    nació en el Perú, de padres españoles she was born in Peru to o of Spanish parents
    nacer PARA algo:
    yo no nací para esta clase de trabajo I wasn't born to do this kind of work
    nació para (ser) músico he was born to be a musician
    naciste/nació parado (Chi, Ven fam); you have/he has the luck of the devil ( colloq)
    no nací/nació ayer I/he wasn't born yesterday
    volver a nacer or nacer de nuevo to have a lucky escape, be lucky to come out alive
    2 «pollito/insecto» to hatch
    3 «hoja/rama» to sprout
    le han nacido nuevas flores a la planta the plant has produced o grown some new flowers
    4 «río» to rise, have its source; «carretera» to start
    la pinza nace debajo de la manga the dart starts under the sleeve
    5 «pelo/plumas» to grow
    le nacieron alas he sprouted wings
    ya le volverá a nacer el pelo his hair will soon grow back
    B
    1
    (surgir) «sentimiento»: una gran amistad nació entre ellos a great friendship grew o sprang up o developed between them
    a ella no le nace ser amable con la gente being nice to people doesn't come naturally to her
    no me nace ser simpático con él I find it difficult to be nice to him
    2 «problema/situación»: nacer DE algo; to arise o spring FROM sth
    nace de su inseguridad this arises o springs from his insecurity
    3 ( liter) (iniciarse) nacer A algo to be awakened TO sth ( liter)
    nacer al amor to be awakened to love, to experience love for the first time
    * * *

     

    nacer ( conjugate nacer) verbo intransitivo
    1
    a) [niño/animal] to be born;

    ◊ ¿dónde naciste? where were you born?;

    al nacer at birth;
    nació para (ser) músico he was born to be a musician
    b) [pollito/insecto] to hatch

    c) [hoja/rama] to sprout


    [ carretera] to start
    e) [pelo/plumas] to grow

    2 ( surgir) [amistad/relación] to spring up;
    nacer de algo [problema/situación] to arise o spring from sth;

    nacer verbo intransitivo
    1 to be born: nació en el mes de julio, she was born in July
    al nacer, at birth
    (ave) to hatch (out)
    2 (pelo, dientes) to begin to grow
    3 (río, manantial) to rise
    4 (originarse) to start: la revuelta nació en Sevilla, the revolt started in Seville
    de su mutua comprensión nació el respeto, respect was born out of a mutual understanding
    5 (tener cualidades) naciste para payaso, you were born to be a clown
    ♦ Locuciones: nacer de pie, to be born under a lucky star
    ' nacer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    volver
    English:
    bear
    - born
    - last
    - rise
    - birth
    - dawn
    - hatch
    - spring
    * * *
    nacer vi
    1. [niño, animal] to be born;
    al nacer at birth;
    pesó al nacer 3.700 g he weighed 3.7 kg at birth;
    ¿dónde naciste? – nací en Brasil where were you born? – I was born in Brazil;
    nacer de familia humilde to be born into a poor family;
    nació de padres italianos she was born of Italian parents, her parents were Italian;
    nacer para algo to be born for sth;
    ha nacido cantante she's a born singer;
    Fam
    tú has nacido cansado you were born lazy;
    no he nacido ayer I wasn't born yesterday;
    nació con un pan debajo del brazo the birth of the child was a blessing for the family;
    Esp Fam
    nació o [m5] ha nacido con una flor en el culo he has the luck of the devil;
    Méx Fam
    el que ha nacido en petate, siempre anda apestando a tule you can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear;
    Ven Fam
    nacer parado to be born lucky;
    Fam Hum
    unos nacen con estrella y otros nacen estrellados fortune smiles on some people and not on others;
    volver a nacer to have a lucky escape
    2. [ave, reptil] to hatch (out)
    3. [planta] to sprout, to begin to grow
    4. [pelo] to grow
    5. [río] to rise, to have its source
    6. [sol, luna] to rise
    7. [originarse]
    la costumbre nació en Italia this custom has its roots in Italy;
    desde aquel momento, nació una gran amistad entre los dos that moment was the beginning of a close friendship between them;
    su nerviosismo nace de su inseguridad his nervousness stems from his insecurity;
    la revolución nació en el norte del país the revolution started in the north of the country;
    el Renacimiento nació en Italia the Renaissance had its origins in Italy
    * * *
    v/i
    1 be born; de un huevo hatch
    2 de una planta sprout
    3 de un río, del sol rise
    4 ( surgir) arise (de from)
    * * *
    nacer {48} vi
    1) : to be born
    nací en Guatemala: I was born in Guatemala
    no nació ayer: he wasn't born yesterday
    2) : to hatch
    3) : to bud, to sprout
    4) : to rise, to originate
    5)
    nacer para algo : to be born to be something
    6)
    volver a nacer : to have a lucky escape
    * * *
    nacer vb
    1. (persona, animal) to be born
    ¿cuándo naciste? when were you born?
    2. (planta) to grow [pt. grew; pp. grown]
    3. (pollito) to hatch

    Spanish-English dictionary > nacer

  • 2 Language

       Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)
       It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)
       It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)
       Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)
       It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)
       [A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]
       Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling it
       Solving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into another
       LANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)
       We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)
       We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.
       The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)
       9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own Language
       The forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)
       It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)
       In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)
       In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)
       [It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)
       he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.
       The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)
       The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.
       But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)
       The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)
        t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)
       A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)
       Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)
       It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)
       First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....
       Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)
       If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)
        23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human Interaction
       Language cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)
       By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)
       Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language

См. также в других словарях:

  • Russia — /rush euh/, n. 1. Also called Russian Empire. Russian, Rossiya. a former empire in E Europe and N and W Asia: overthrown by the Russian Revolution 1917. Cap.: St. Petersburg (1703 1917). 2. See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 3. See Russian… …   Universalium

  • The Idler (1758–1760) — This article is about the 18th century series of essays. For other publications called The Idler, see The Idler (disambiguation). The Idler was a series of 103 essays, all but twelve of them by Samuel Johnson, published in the London weekly the… …   Wikipedia

  • Characters in the Realm of the Elderlings — This article discusses the characters in The Realm of the Elderlings, a fictional world created by Robin Hobb for her book series The Farseer Trilogy, The Liveship Traders Trilogy, The Tawny Man Trilogy and The Rain Wild Chronicles. This page… …   Wikipedia

  • List of Marvel Family enemies — Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: Contents 1 Acrobat 2 Adolf Hitler 3 Amoeba Family …   Wikipedia

  • List of past General Hospital characters — The following is a list of notable past characters from the soap opera, General Hospital who are not notable enough for their own articles. Characters are listed based on the decade in which they first appeared. Contents 1 2010 present 1.1 Warren …   Wikipedia

  • The Young and the Restless minor characters — The following are characters from the American soap opera The Young and the Restless who are notable for their actions or relationships, but who do not warrant their own articles. Contents 1 Current Characters 1.1 Genevieve …   Wikipedia

  • Order of the Phoenix (organisation) — Order of the Phoenix Harry Potter association Some Order of the Phoenix members in the Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix film adaptation, from left to right: Alastor Moody, Nymphadora Tonks, Sirius Black, Remus Lupin, and Albus Dumbledore …   Wikipedia

  • List of characters in the Soul series — A comprehensive list of characters from the Soul series of fighting games produced by Namco. Series characters Official characters within the series storyline. They are playable in some installments of the series. Abyss nihongo|Abyss|アビス|Abisu is …   Wikipedia

  • Storylines of EastEnders (2000s) — Storylines of EastEnders provides a year by year summary of the most notable storylines from the 2000s in the popular BBC soap opera EastEnders . 2000 Matthew Rose was back in Walford during January 2000, determined to get revenge on Steve Owen… …   Wikipedia

  • Pandora Hearts — Cover of Pandora Hearts volume 1 (as published by Square Enix), featuring Oz Vessalius. パンドラハーツ (Pandora Haatsu) …   Wikipedia

  • History of the X-Men comics — This text deals with the history of the popular Marvel Comics franchise, the X Men.1960sThe original X MenIn the early 1960s, Marvel Comics editor/writer Stan Lee, artist Jack Kirby and several other illustrators produced a number of superhero… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»